Demographic tendencies in western Europe facilitated this “colonization.” The settlers—assured of non-public independence, mounted rents, and several evaluate of self-administration and running under the so-named German Regulation—Established new villages and cities or reorganized old types. Cities been given formal charters (Wrocław in 1242, Poznań in 1253, Kraków in 1257) that https://polawedee.tumblr.com/